CHAPTER 7 FRACTIONS
Fraction means a part of something. For e.g. 7/15 means 7 parts out of 15 equal parts. Here, 7 is the numerator and 15 is the denominator.
PROPER FRACTION
When the numerator is less than the denominator, the fraction is called a proper fraction. E.g. 1/3, 9/12.
IMPROPER FRACTION
When the numerator is less than the denominator, the fraction is called improper fraction. E.g. 7/4, 12/9
MIXED FRACTION
A combination of a whole and a part is called mixed fraction. E.g. 3½
Converting mixed fraction to improper fractions: 3½ = ((3×2) +1)/2= 7/2
EQUIVALENT FRACTION
If the fractions, when simplified, represent same number of parts of the whole, the fractions are called equivalent fractions.
E.g. 1/2, 3/6, 4/8
SIMPLEST FORM OF A FRACTION
If the numerator and denominator have no common factor except 1, the fraction is said to be in its simplest form.
LIKE FRACTIONS
When two fractions have the same denominator, they are called like fractions. For e.g. 7/8, 6/8
UNLIKE FRACTIONS
When two fractions have different denominators, they are called unlike fractions. For e.g. 7/9, 8/10
COMPARING LIKE FRACTIONS
The fraction with greater numerator is the greater fraction.
COMPARING UNLIKE FACTIONS
- Same numerators: The fraction with a smaller denominator is the greater fraction.
- Different numerators: First, we have to convert the unlike fractions to like fractions.
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF FRACTIONS
- For like fractions: The fractions are simply added and subtracted. E.g. 2/3 + 5/3= 7/3
- For unlike fractions: First we have to convert them into like fractions and then addition and subtraction can be done.